Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-fastener yase-China Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwe-fastener yase-China kukukhulu, izinsimbi ziqale sekwephuzile uma ziqhathaniswa namazwe angaphandle. Njengamanje, imakethe ye-fastener yaseChina isikhule kakhulu. Izinga lomkhiqizo elivamisile kanye nemicimbi yokungcoliswa kwemvelo ilethe izinselelo ezinkulu kanye namathuba ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsimbi zasekhaya. Nakuba inani elincane lezinsimbi lisadinga ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, ngokombono wezitayela zentuthuko, izibophelelo ezikhethwe imboni yemishini eyisisekelo zaneliseke ngokuyisisekelo e-China.

Ukuhlaziywa komfula kanye nokwehla komfula kwemboni yokubopha

Imboni ekhuphukayo yomkhakha we-fastener ikakhulukazi abakhiqizi bezinto ezingavuthiwe njengensimbi, ithusi, ne-aluminium. Kusukela ngo-2016, ngenxa yezici ze-macroeconomic kanye nezinguquko ze-supply-side, intengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa endaweni engenhla yemboni ikhuphuka, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo iphezulu ngentengo futhi ayinaso isisekelo sokunyuka okukhulu. Nakuba izinguquko ze-supply side zinomthelela omubi ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, kusukela esimweni samanje sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla eluhlaza, imboni isadinga izinto zokusetshenziswa eziningi kunesidingo, futhi okusele okuphumayo kuyaqhubeka nokudayiswa phesheya, futhi kuneziningi futhi zisakazwa kabanzi. abakhiqizi bempahla eluhlaza. Okwanele, ukunikezwa komkhiqizo kungaqinisekiswa, futhi ngeke kuthinte ukuthengwa kwezinkampani zokubopha izinto.

Ngesikhathi kukhiqizwa izinsimbi, abahlinzeki bemishini bahlinzeka ngemishini yokucubungula efana nemishini yokudweba izintambo, imishini yokugaya ebandayo, nemishini yokugoqa izintambo. Amafekthri esikhunta aklama futhi akhiqize isikhunta ngokuya ngezidingo zebhizinisi. Izitshalo zokuguqula izinto zihlinzeka ngokufakwa kwensimbi, ukudweba ngocingo namanye amasevisi okuguqula izinto. Nikeza ngezinsizakalo zokwelashwa kokushisa komkhiqizo, izindawo zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu njengokugalela.

Emaphethelweni aphansi embonini, imikhiqizo ye-fastener isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni, okubandakanya izimoto, izitimela, imishini, izinto zikagesi kanye nezinto zikagesi. Njengenkambu eyinhloko yokufaka izicelo ezifakwa ezansi nomfula, imboni yezimoto izoba usekelo olubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsimbi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezixhumi zezimoto, ikakhulukazi ezihlanganisa izibophelelo ezijwayelekile, izibophelelo ezingajwayelekile, ezinye izingxenye zemishini ezijwayelekile nezinye izingxenye zemishini ezingajwayelekile, njll.Izibophelelo zezimoto zisezingeni lokuqala embonini yokubopha ingqikithi. Umuntu oyedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo sezinsimbi zokuthutha izitimela, izinto zikagesi nezinye izinkambu nazo zikhulu kakhulu, futhi sisesimweni esikhulayo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwesidingo semboni ye-Fastener

Njengoba imboni yemishini iyisiqondiso esikhulu sokuhlinzeka ngezinsimbi, ukukhuphuka nokwehla kwemboni yokubopha kuhlobene eduze nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yemishini ibonise ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-fastener. Ngokombono wezimboni ezihlukene, imboni yezimoto, imboni yokulungisa, imboni yezokwakha, kanye nemboni yezogesi kungabasebenzisi abakhulu bezinsimbi. Njengendawo eyinhloko yohlelo lokusebenza ezansi nomfula.ama-fasteners, imboni yezimoto izohlinzeka ngokusekela okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwama-fasteners.

Imboni yezimoto emhlabeni wonke isebenze ngokuzikhandla ngowezi-2017, igcina ukukhula okuhle iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ilandelana, namazinga okukhula ahlanganisiwe omkhiqizo kanye nokuthengiswa okungama-4.2% kanye nama-4.16% ngokulandelana. Isimo sokukhiqiza nokuthengisa emakethe yezimoto yasekhaya sinamandla nakakhulu, namazinga okukhula okuhlanganisiwe angu-8.69% kanye nama-8.53% kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2017, ngokulandelana. Ukukhula kwemboni kuzoqhubeka eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo.Ngokwedatha yocwaningo evela e-China Automotive Technology and Research Centre, inani eliphakeme lokudayiswa kwezimoto zaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi libe ezigidini ezingu-42, kanti ukudayiswa kwezimoto namuhla kuyizigidi ezingu-28.889. Ukudayiswa okungenzeka kwezimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-14 kule mboni kukhomba ukuthi imboni yezimoto yaseShayina isagcwele amandla emakethe yesikhathi esimaphakathi neyesikhathi eside, okungaletha amathuba amahle okuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-fastener.

Imboni ye-3C ihlanganisa amakhompiyutha, ezokuxhumana, kanye nama-electronics abathengi. Ingenye yezimboni ezithuthuka ngokushesha eShayina ngisho nasemhlabeni wonke namuhla, futhi iyimboni enezinsimbi ezengeziwe. Nakuba izinga lokukhula kwemboni yendabuko ye-3C lehlile, indawo yemakethe yamasheya isenkulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-PC, amaphilisi, nama-smart phone aseqalile ukungena endaweni yokuncintisana yoLwandle Olubomvu, futhi kuzobe kukhona impumelelo ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe kwemikhiqizo yabo, okuzoletha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko zenqubo. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqinile kwemboni ye-3C kuzokwandisa isidingo sezinsimbi.

Isimo semboni ye-fastener yase-China

Iqhutshwa izinguquko kanye nokuvuleka kweShayina kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqinile komnotho wezwe, imboni yaseShayina esheshayo iye yagcina ukuthambekela okuhle kokukhula iminyaka eminingi.Kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2016, ukutshalwa kwempahla eqinile yemboni yaseShayina kukhuphuke cishe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-25 ngo-2016. Ngaphezulu kwama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40, izinga lemboni liyaqhubeka nokukhula.

Ngokukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali embonini kanye nokukhula okusheshayo kwamabhizinisi, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nomphumela wezinsimbi kukhule kakhulu. I-China isiyizwe elikhulu ekukhiqizeni izinsimbi. Ukukhishwa kwezinsimbi kukleliswe kuqala emhlabeni iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-yuan ezingama-70.

Ngokwezilinganiso ze-China's Fastener Industry Association, njengamanje kunamabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-7,000 akhiqiza i-fastener e-China, kanye namabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-2,000 ngaphezu kwesikali kule mboni, kodwa awekho amabhizinisi amakhulu amakhulu anenani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wezimboni ezingaphezu kuka-2,000. 500 million yuan. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso esiphelele sezinkampani zokubopha ezifuywayo sincane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esincane sezinkampani zokubopha izinto ezifuywayo kanye nekhono lazo le-R & D elibuthakathaka, imikhiqizo eminingi yokubopha igxile emakethe esezingeni eliphansi futhi ukuncintisana kushubile; eminye imikhiqizo ephezulu, esezingeni eliphezulu yokubopha idinga inani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kubangele ukuhlinzekwa ngokweqile kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi emakethe, kuyilapho imikhiqizo ephezulu enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kobuchwepheshe ayinakho ukutholakala kwasekhaya okwanele. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, ngo-2017 ukuthunyelwa kwe-fastener yase-China kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-29.92, nenani lokuthekelisa lika-US $ 5.054 billion, ukunyuka kwe-11.30% unyaka nonyaka; ukuthengwa kwe-fastener bekungamathani angama-322,000, futhi inani lokungenisa lalingama-US $ 3.121 billion, okukhuphuke ngo-6.25% unyaka nonyaka. Iningi lemikhiqizo engenisiwe yimikhiqizo ephezulu enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe.

Nakuba imboni yaseShayina eqinisa izinto eziqinisa kakhulu ikhiqiza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, izinkampani ezifuywayo ezifuywayo ziyaqhubeka nokuguqukela ezinkampanini ezisungula izinto ezintsha, zifunda kokuhlangenwe nakho okuthuthukile kwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ngokuqhubekayo zithuthukisa ucwaningo oluzimele kanye nemizamo yokuthuthukisa imboni yezinsimbi iminyaka eyishumi. Uma sibheka ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe belungelo lobunikazi obuhlobene ne-fastener yaseShayina, inani lezicelo ngo-2017 lalingaphezu kuka-13,000, okungaba izikhathi eziphindwe ka-6.5 kunangonyaka wezi-2008. iminyaka eyishumi, okwenza i-fastener yethu Ithole indawo emakethe yomhlaba wonke.

Ama-fasteners, njengezingxenye eziyisisekelo zezimboni, asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi, futhi ayisisekelo esibalulekile sokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezansi nomfula. Isiphakamiso se-“Made in China 2025” sivule isandulelo soguquko lwaseChina ukusuka emandleni okukhiqiza ukuya emandleni okukhiqiza. Ukuqamba okusha okuzimele, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, nokuguqulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene akunakuhlukaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yezingxenye eziyisisekelo, futhi kubonisa ukuthi indawo yemakethe engase ibe khona yezingxenye ezisezingeni eliphezulu izokwandiswa nakakhulu. Kusukela kuleveli yomkhiqizo, amandla aphezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, inani eliphakeme elingeziwe, kanye nezingxenye ezimise okwezinga elijwayelekile kuyisiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwezibophelelo zesikhathi esizayo.