Izibophelelo zensimbi engagqwali ziwumqondo othize wethemu lochwepheshe ohlanganisa inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo. Izinsimbi zensimbi engagqwali zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubophela izingxenye zomshini ezibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile.

 
Izibophelelo ezijwayelekile zensimbi engenasici ngokuvamile zihlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezingu-12 zezingxenye:
1. Ibhawudi: Uhlobo lwe-fastener oluhlanganisa ikhanda nesikulufu (isilinda esinentambo yangaphandle). Idinga ukufaniswa nenati futhi isetshenziselwa ukubopha izingxenye ezimbili ngezimbobo. Lolu hlobo lokuxhuma lubizwa ngokuthi uxhumano lwebhawudi. Uma i-nati ikhishwe ku-bolt, izingxenye ezimbili zingahlukaniswa, ngakho-ke uxhumano lwe-bolt luwuxhumano olutholakalayo.

2. Isifundo:Uhlobo lwesixhumi esingenakhanda futhi esinemicu yangaphandle kuzo zombili iziphetho. Lapho uxhuma, umkhawulo owodwa kufanele uboshwe engxenyeni ngembobo yentambo yangaphakathi, enye ingxenye kufanele idlule engxenyeni enembobo, bese i-nut iboshwe, ngisho noma izingxenye ezimbili zixhunywe ngokuqinile njenge- ephelele.

3. Izikulufu: Futhi ziwuhlobo lwezinto zokubopha ezakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili: ikhanda nesikulufu. Zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu ngokuvumelana nokusetshenziswa kwazo: izikulufa zomshini, izikulufo zokusetha nezikulufu ezinenhloso ekhethekile. Izikulufu zomshini zisetshenziselwa kakhulu izingxenye ezinembobo enentambo eqinisayo. Ukuxhuma okuqinile ngengxenye enembobo edlulayo akudingi ukubambisana kwamantongomane (lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lubizwa ngokuthi i-screw connection futhi luwukuxhumana okungahlukaniseki; lungasetshenziswa futhi ne-Nut fit, esetshenziselwa ukuxhumanisa okuqinile phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili nge- through izimbobo.) Setha izikulufu zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulungisa indawo ehlobene phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili. Izikulufu ezinenhloso ekhethekile njengezikulufi zamehlo zisetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa izingxenye.

4. Amantongomane ensimbi engagqwali: enezimbobo ezinentambo yangaphakathi, ngokuvamile ezimo zesilinda esiyisicaba esingu-hexagonal, noma isilinda esiyisikwele esiyisicaba noma isilinda esiyisicaba, esisetshenziswa namabhawudi, izigxobo noma izikulufu zomshini ukuze kuboshwe izingxenye ezimbili. Kwenze kube ucezu lonke.

5. Izikulufu zokuzishaya: Kufana nezikulufu zomshini, kodwa izintambo ezisesikulukweni ziyizintambo ezikhethekile zezikulufu ezizithephayo. Isetshenziselwa ukubopha nokuxhuma izingxenye ezimbili zensimbi ezincane ukuze zizenze zibe yisiqephu esisodwa. Izimbobo ezincane zidinga ukwenziwa kusengaphambili esakhiweni. Njengoba lolu hlobo lwesikulufu lunokuqina okuphezulu, lungafakwa ngokuqondile emgodini wengxenye ukwenza ingxenye phakathi. Yakha imicu yangaphakathi ephendulayo. Lolu hlobo lokuxhumana luwukuxhumana okungalahleka.

6. Izikulufu zezinkuni: Ziphinde zifane nezikulufu zomshini, kodwa izintambo eziku-screw ziyizintambo ezikhethekile zezikulufu zokhuni. Angafakwa ngezikulufu ezingxenyeni zokhuni (noma izingxenye) futhi asetshenziselwa ukunamathisela insimbi (noma okungeyona eyensimbi) ngembobo edlulayo. Izingxenye ziboshwe kanye nengxenye yokhuni. Lolu xhumo luphinde luwuxhumano olususekayo.
7. Iwashi: Uhlobo lwento yokubopha olumise okweringi ye-oblate. Ibekwe phakathi kwendawo esekelayo yama-bolts, izikulufu noma amantongomane kanye nobuso bezingxenye ezixhunyiwe, idlala indima yokwandisa indawo yokuxhumana yezingxenye ezixhunyiwe, ukunciphisa ukucindezela kwendawo ngayinye yeyunithi nokuvikela ubuso bezingxenye ezixhunyiwe ekubeni ezilimele; olunye uhlobo lwewasha nokunwebeka, Kungaphinde kuvimbele nati ukuthi lingaxegi.

8. Isipele iringi:Ifakwe ku-shaft groove noma emgodini we-hole wemishini kanye nemishini, futhi idlala indima yokuvimbela izingxenye ku-shaft noma umgodi ukuthi zihambe kwesokunxele nakwesokudla.

9. Izikhonkwane: Ikakhulu isetshenziselwa ukubeka izingxenye, kanti ezinye zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izingxenye, ukulungisa izingxenye, ukudlulisa amandla noma ukukhiya ezinye izinsimbi.

10. I-Rivet:Uhlobo lwe-fastener ehlanganisa ikhanda kanye ne-nail shank, esetshenziselwa ukubopha nokuxhuma izingxenye ezimbili (noma izingxenye) ngezimbobo ukuze zenziwe ziphelele. Lolu hlobo lokuxhuma lubizwa ngokuthi i-rivet connection, noma i-riveting ngamafuphi. Okokuxhumaniseka okungasuseki. Ngoba ukuze kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezihlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​​​ama-rivets ezingxenyeni kufanele aphulwe.

11. Imihlangano kanye namapheya okuxhuma: Ama-Assemblies abhekisela ohlotsheni lwezinsimbi ezihlinzekwa ngokuhlangene, njengenhlanganisela yesikulufu somshini othile (noma ibhawodi, isikulufu esizihlinzekela ngokwazo) kanye newasha eyisicaba (noma iwasha yasentwasahlobo, iwasha yokukhiya): uxhumano Ipheya yezibophelelo isho uhlobo lwe-fastener olunikezwa inhlanganisela yama-bolts akhethekile, amantongomane namawasha, njengamabhawodi aphezulu ane-hexagonal amabhawodi ekhanda ezakhiwo zensimbi.

12. Izinzipho zokushisela: Ngenxa ye-fasteners ene-heterogeneous eyakhiwe amandla alula namakhanda e-nail (noma awekho amakhanda e-nail), ayalungiswa futhi axhunywe engxenyeni (noma ingxenye) ngendlela ye-welding ukuze ixhunywe kwezinye izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali. .

Okubalulekile
Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engenasici zinezidingo zazo zokukhiqiza izinto ezingavuthiwe. Izinto eziningi zensimbi engagqwali zingenziwa zibe izintambo zensimbi noma izinduku zokukhiqiza iziqinisi, okuhlanganisa i-austenitic stainless steel, i-ferritic stainless steel, i-martensitic stainless steel, kanye nemvula eqinisa insimbi engagqwali. Ngakho-ke yiziphi izimiso lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha?

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zensimbi engagqwali ikakhulukazi kubheka izici ezilandelayo:
1. Izidingo zezinto zokubopha ngokuya ngezakhiwo zemishini, ikakhulukazi amandla;
2. Izidingo zokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza
3. Izidingo zokushisa okusebenzayo ekumelana nokushisa kwempahla (amandla okushisa aphezulu, ukumelana komoyampilo nezinye izakhiwo):
Izidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza yokusebenza kokucubungula okubalulekile
5. Ezinye izici, njengesisindo, inani, ukuthengwa kwempahla nezinye izici kufanele zibhekwe.
Ngemva kokucutshungulwa okuphelele nokubanzi kwalezi zici ezinhlanu, impahla yensimbi engagqwali esebenzayo ekugcineni ikhethwa ngokwezindinganiso zikazwelonke ezifanele. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile nezibophelelo ezikhiqizwayo kufanele nazo zihlangabezane nezidingo zobuchwepheshe: amabhawodi, izikulufu nezikhonkwane (3098.3-2000), amantongomane (3098.15-200) nezikulufo zokusetha (3098.16-2000).