Ngemuva kokuthi umthamo wokuthekelisa weqe endaweni yesibili emhlabeni okokuqala ngqa ngo-Agasti, ukusebenza kwe-China okuzenzakalelayo kokuthekelisa kwafinyelela phezulu okusha ngoSepthemba. Phakathi kwazo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa noma ukuthekelisa, izimoto ezintsha zamandla ziyaqhubeka nokugcina umkhuba wokukhula "wokugibela okukodwa othulini".

Abangaphakathi embonini bathi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha ezikhiqiza amandla sekuyinto egqamile embonini yezimoto yezwe lami, futhi izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle linyuke ngokushesha, futhi lesi simo esihle sokuthuthuka kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke.

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngezigaba ezintathu zokuqala kukhuphuke ngo-55.5% unyaka nonyaka

Ngokwedatha yokuthengisa yanyanga zonke ekhishwe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (kamuva ebizwa ngokuthi yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers) ngo-Okthoba 11, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwe-China kwaqhubeka nokuthola imiphumela emihle ngoSepthemba ngemva kokushaya irekhodi eliphezulu ngo-August, okwedlula i-300,000. izimoto okokuqala ngqa. Inyuke ngo-73.9% yafinyelela ku-301,000 izimoto.

Izimakethe zaphesheya seziphenduke umkhombandlela omusha ekukhuleni kokudayiswa kwezinkampani ezizimele. Uma sibheka ukusebenza kwezinkampani ezinkulu, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Agasti, isibalo seSAIC Motor esithunyelwa ngaphandle sinyuke safinyelela ku-17.8%, iChangan Motor inyuke yafinyelela ku-8.8%, iGreat Wall Motor inyuke yafinyelela ku-13.1%, iGeely Automobile inyuke yafinyelela ku-14%.

Kuyakhuthaza ukuthi izinkampani ezizimele zithole impumelelo ebanzi ekuthumeleni impahla ezimakethe zaseYurophu nezaseMelika kanye nezimakethe zomhlaba wesithathu, futhi isu lokuthekelisa lemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe eChina selisebenza ngempumelelo, ligqamisa ukuthuthuka okuphelele kwekhwalithi nenani lezimoto ezikhiqizwa kuleli.

Ngokusho kukaXu Haidong, iphini likanjiniyela omkhulu weChina Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ngenkathi isibalo sokuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwamanye amazwe sinyukile, intengo yamabhayisikili nayo iqhubekile nokukhuphuka. Isilinganiso senani lezimoto ezintsha zaseShayina ezikhiqiza amandla emakethe yaphesheya sezifinyelele cishe kumadola aseMelika angama-30,000.

Ngokwemininingwane ye-Passenger Car Market Information Association (kamuva ebizwa ngokuthi i-Passenger Car Association), impumelelo esheshayo emakethe yokuthekelisa yezimoto zabagibeli igqamile. NgoSepthemba, izimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle (kuhlanganise nezimoto eziphelele kanye nama-CKD) ngaphansi kwezibalo zePassenger Federation bezingamayunithi angama-250,000, okukhuphuke ngo-85% unyaka nonyaka, kwathi ngo-Agasti kunyuke ngo-77.5%. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo okungowakho kufinyelele kumayunithi angama-204,000, okuwukunyuka kwama-88% unyaka nonyaka. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba, zingu-1.59 million izimoto zasekhaya ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okuwukukhula konyaka ngama-60%.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla emazweni angaphandle sekube yimbangela ebalulekile yokuthunyelwa kwezimoto zasekhaya ngaphandle.

Imininingwane ye-China Automobile Association iveze ukuthi kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba, izinkampani zezimoto zaseChina zithumele ngaphandle isamba sezimoto eziyizigidi ezi-2.117, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-55.5%. Phakathi kwazo, izimoto ezintsha ezingu-389,000 zamandla zathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukwanda konyaka okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-1, futhi izinga lokukhula laliphezulu kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula kwemboni yezimoto.

Idatha evela ku-Passenger Federation iphinde ikhombise ukuthi ngoSepthemba, izimoto zabagibeli ezinamandla amasha zasekhaya zathumela amayunithi angama-44,000, okubalelwa ku-17.6% wesamba esiphelele esithunyelwa ngaphandle (kuhlanganise nezimoto eziphelele kanye ne-CKD). I-SAIC, Geely, Great Wall Motor, AIWAYS, JAC, njll. Izinhlobo ezintsha zamandla ezinkampani zezimoto zenze kahle ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle.

Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi embonini, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezweni lami kuye kwakha iphethini "yamandla amakhulu amakhulu futhi amaningi anamandla": Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Tesla e-China kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi imikhiqizo yayo eminingana isesimweni esihle sokuthekelisa, kuyilapho abathumeli abathathu abahamba phambili. zezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla ziphakathi kwezintathu eziphezulu. Izimakethe yiBelgium, UK kanye neThailand.

Izinto eziningi zigqugquzela ukukhula kwezinkampani zezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle

Imboni ikholelwa ukuthi umfutho oqinile wokuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwamanye amazwe ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zalo nyaka ubangelwa ikakhulukazi usizo lwezici eziningi.

Njengamanje, isidingo semakethe yezimoto emhlabeni wonke sesikhulile, kodwa ngenxa yokushoda kwama-chips nezinye izingxenye, abakhiqizi bezimoto bangaphandle banciphise ukukhiqizwa, okubangele igebe elikhulu lokuhlinzeka.

UMeng Yue, isekela lomqondisi woMnyango Wezohwebo Zangaphandle woMnyango Wezohwebo, phambilini wathi ngokombono wesidingo semakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, imakethe yezimoto yomhlaba wonke iyasimama kancane kancane. Kubikezelwa ukuthi ukudayiswa kwezimoto emhlabeni jikelele kuzokwedlula kancane ku-80 million kulo nyaka kuthi ngonyaka ozayo kube ngu-86.6 million.

Ngaphansi kwethonya lobhubhane olusha lwe-pneumonia, izimakethe zaphesheya zenze igebe lokuhlinzeka ngenxa yokushoda kwe-supply chain, kuyilapho umyalo oqinile wokukhiqiza wase-China ngenxa yokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane okufanele ukhuthaze ukudluliselwa kwama-oda angaphandle e-China. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kwa-AFS (AutoForecast Solutions), kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kulo nyaka, ngenxa yokushoda kwama-chip, imakethe yezimoto yomhlaba wonke yehlise ukukhiqizwa ngezimoto ezibalelwa ezigidini eziyi-1.98, kanti iYurophu iyisifunda esinokwehliswa okukhulu kakhulu kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto. ngenxa yokushoda kwama-chip. Lokhu futhi kuyisici esikhulu ekuthengisweni okungcono kwezimoto zamaShayina eYurophu.

Kusukela ngo-2013, njengoba amazwe enqume ukushintshela ekuthuthukisweni okuluhlaza, imboni entsha yezimoto zamandla isiqale ukuthuthuka ngokushesha.

Njengamanje, cishe amazwe nezifunda eziyi-130 emhlabeni zihlongoze noma zilungiselela ukuphakamisa izinjongo zokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Amazwe amaningi asecacisile uhlelo lokuvala ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamafutha. Isibonelo, iNetherlands neNorway ihlongoze ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli ngo-2025. I-India neJalimane balungiselela ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli ngo-2030. IFrance ne-United Kingdom bahlela ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli ngo-2040. Thengisa izimoto zikaphethiloli.

Ngaphansi kwengcindezi yemithetho eqinile yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo yezimoto zamandla amasha emazweni ahlukahlukene kuye kwaqhubeka nokuqina, futhi isidingo somhlaba wonke sezimoto ezintsha zamandla siye sagcina isimo sokukhula, esinikeza indawo ebanzi yezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezwe lami. ukungena ezimakethe zaphesheya. Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2021, izimoto ezintsha zezwe lami ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zizofinyelela kumayunithi angama-310,000, okuwukunyuka cishe izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka, okubalelwa ku-15.4% wesamba sezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla emazweni angaphandle kwaqhubeka nokuba namandla, futhi umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ukhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-1.3 unyaka nonyaka, okubalelwa ku-16.6% wesamba sezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwezimoto ezintsha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngekota yesithathu yalo nyaka kuwukuqhubeka kwalesi simo.

Ukukhula okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezwe lami nakho kwazuza ekwandiseni “umbuthano wabangane” phesheya kwezilwandle.

Amazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” ayizimakethe ezinkulu zokuthunyelwa kwezimoto zezwe lami ngaphandle, ezibalelwa ngaphezu kwama-40%; kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJulayi kulo nyaka, izimoto zezwe lami ezithunyelwa emazweni angamalungu e-RCEP beziyizimoto ezingu-395,000, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-48.9%.

Njengamanje, izwe lami selisayine izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala eziyi-19, ezihlanganisa amazwe nezifunda ezingama-26. I-Chile, i-Peru, i-Australia, i-New Zealand namanye amazwe ehlise amanani entengo emikhiqizweni yezimoto yezwe lami, okudala indawo ekahle yokuthuthukiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezinkampani zezimoto.

Enqubweni yokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto yaseChina, ngaphezu kokugxila emakethe yasekhaya, iphinde igxile emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Njengamanje, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabakhiqizi bezimoto basekhaya emakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha kudlula kude lokho kwezinkampani zezimoto zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani zezimoto ezifuywayo zithembele ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obuhlakaniphile, obunobuhle kwezobuhlakani kanye nenethiwekhi, futhi sekuyimpoqo ekhangayo kubathengi bangaphandle. ukhiye.

Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi embonini, kungenxa yomkhawulo wayo ohamba phambili emkhakheni wezimoto zamandla amasha ukuthi ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina kuqhubekile nokuthuthuka, imigqa yomkhiqizo iqhubekile nokuthuthuka, futhi ithonya lomkhiqizo liye landa kancane kancane.

Thatha i-SAIC njengesibonelo. I-SAIC isungule izindawo zokumaketha nezinkonzo zaphesheya ezingaphezu kuka-1,800. Imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zayo zisatshalaliswa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-90, zakha izimakethe eziyisi-6 ezinkulu eYurophu, e-Australia, eNew Zealand naseMelika. Ukuthengiswa okuqongelelekayo phesheya kwezilwandle kudlule izigidi ezi-3. imoto. Phakathi kwazo, ukudayiswa kweSAIC Motor phesheya kwezilwandle ngo-August kwafinyelela ku-101,000, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-65.7%, okuhlanganisa cishe u-20% wesamba esithengisiwe, yaba inkampani yokuqala eChina ukwedlula amayunithi angu-100 000 ngenyanga eyodwa phesheya kwezilwandle. izimakethe. NgoSepthemba, ukuthunyelwa kwe-SAIC kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuke kwafinyelela ezimotweni eziyi-108,400.

Umhlaziyi we-Founder Securities u-Duan Yingsheng uhlaziye ukuthi izinhlobo ezizimele zikusheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eYurophu, naseMelika ngokwakhiwa kwamafekthri phesheya kwezilwandle (okuhlanganisa nezimboni ze-KD), iziteshi zokuthengisa ezihlangene zaphesheya, nokwakhiwa okuzimele kwamashaneli aphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuqashelwa kwemakethe kwemikhiqizo ephethwe nguwe nakho kuyathuthuka kancane kancane. Kwezinye izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle, ukuduma kwezinkampani ezizimele kuqhathaniswa nokwezinkampani zezimoto zamazwe ngamazwe.

Amathuba athembisayo ezinkampanini zezimoto ukuthi zisebenze ngenkuthalo phesheya kwezilwandle

Nakuba zithola ukusebenza okuncomekayo kokuthekelisa, izinkampani zezimoto zohlobo lwasekhaya zisathumela izimakethe zaphesheya ukuze zilungiselele ikusasa.

NgoSepthemba 13, izimoto zakwaSAIC Motor ezingu-10,000 MG MULAN zathunyelwa ngomkhumbi zisuka eShanghai zayiswa emakethe yaseYurophu. Leli iqoqo elikhulu kunawo wonke lezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile ezithunyelwe zisuka e-China ziya e-Europe kuze kube manje. Umuntu othintekayo ophethe uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi uthe ukuthunyelwa kweSAIC “kwezimoto eziyi-10,000 e-Europe” kuphawula intuthuko entsha ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezimoto yezwe lami, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezintsha zaseChina ngaphandle kwezimoto zamandla kungene esigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha. , futhi iphinde iqhubekisele phambili imboni yezimoto emhlabeni wonke ukuthi iguqulele ekufakeni ugesi.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imisebenzi yokwandisa i-Great Wall Motor phesheya kwezilwandle nayo ibivame kakhulu, futhi inani eliphelele lokuthengiswa kwezimoto eziphelele phesheya lidlule isigidi esi-1. NgoJanuwari kulo nyaka, iGreat Wall Motor yathola isitshalo samaNdiya seGeneral Motors, kanye neMercedes-Benz Brazil plant etholwe ngonyaka odlule, kanye nezitshalo ezisunguliwe zaseRussia naseThailand, iGreat Wall Motor isibonile ukwakheka e-Eurasian naseNingizimu. Izimakethe zaseMelika. Ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka, i-Great Wall Motor kanye ne-Emile Frye Group bafinyelela isivumelwano sokusebenzisana, futhi izinhlangothi zombili zizohlola ngokuhlanganyela imakethe yaseYurophu.

IChery, eyathumela izimakethe zaphesheya phambilini, ibone ukuthengiswa kwayo kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuke ngo-152.7% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-51,774. IChery isungule izikhungo eziyisi-6 ze-R&D, izisekelo zokukhiqiza eziyi-10 kanye nezitolo zokuthengisa nezinkonzo ezingaphezu kuka-1,500 phesheya kwezilwandle, futhi imikhiqizo yayo ithunyelwa eBrazil, eRussia, e-Ukraine, eSaudi Arabia, eChile nakwamanye amazwe. Ngo-Agasti walo nyaka, uChery waqala ukuxoxisana nabakhiqizi bezimoto baseRussia ukuze babone ukukhiqizwa kwendawo eRussia.

Kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-August kulo nyaka, i-BYD yamemezela ukuthi izongena emakethe yezimoto zabagibeli eJapane naseThailand, futhi yaqala ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo emisha yezimoto zamandla ezimakethe zaseSweden naseJalimane. NgoSepthemba 8, i-BYD yamemezela ukuthi izokwakha ifektri yezimoto zikagesi eThailand, okuhlelwe ukuthi iqale ukusebenza ngo-2024, ngomthamo wonyaka wokukhiqiza wezimoto ezingaba ngu-150,000.

I-Changan Automobile ihlela ukwakha izisekelo ezimbili kuya kwezine zokukhiqiza phesheya kwezilwandle ngo-2025. I-Changan Automobile ithe izosungula ikomkhulu lase-Europe kanye nekomkhulu laseNyakatho Melika ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ingene ezimakethe zezimoto zase-Europe naseNyakatho Melika ngemikhiqizo yezimoto esezingeni eliphezulu neyobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. .

Amanye amandla amasha okwenza izimoto nawo aqondise izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle futhi azimisele ngokuzama.

Ngokwemibiko, ngoSepthemba 8, iLeap Motor yamemezela ukungena ngokusemthethweni ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ifinyelele ukubambisana nenkampani yemboni yezimoto yakwa-Israel ukuthumela iqoqo lokuqala lama-T03s kwa-Israel; U-Weilai uthe ngo-Okthoba 8 ukuthi imikhiqizo yayo, izinsizakalo zesistimu yonke kanye nemodeli yebhizinisi emisha izosetshenziswa eJalimane, eNetherlands, eSweden naseDenmark; I-Xpeng Motors iphinde yakhetha i-Europe njengesifunda esithandwayo sokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke. Kuzosiza iXiaopeng Motors ukuthi isheshe ingene emakethe yaseYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AIWAYS, i-LANTU, i-WM Motor, njll. nayo ingene emakethe yaseYurophu.

I-China Automobile Association ibikezela ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwezwe lami kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule izigidi ezingu-2.4 kulo nyaka. Umbiko wakamuva wocwaningo we-Pacific Securities uthe ukwenza imizamo ngasohlangothini lokuthekelisa kungasiza izinkampani zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zasekhaya nezingxenye ukuthi zisheshise ukunwetshwa kochungechunge lwezimboni, futhi zikhuthaze amandla azo angapheli mayelana nokuphindaphinda kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yekhwalithi. .

Kodwa-ke, abangaphakathi embonini bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ezizimele zisabhekene nezinselelo ezithile "zokuya phesheya". Njengamanje, iningi lemikhiqizo ezimele engena emakethe ethuthukisiwe isesigabeni sokuhlola, futhi ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke kwezimoto zaseShayina kusadinga isikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe.