Uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga athuthukile angaphandle, igebe lezinga lobuchwepheshe lemboni yezibambo zaseShayina lisalokhu likhulu, libonakala kakhulu emishinini yokukhiqiza nasezintweni zokusetshenziswa. Iningi lamabhizinisi okukhiqiza izibambo zaseShayina mancane ngokwezinga, asemuva kwezobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ampofu ngemishini, ahamba kancane ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi ampofu ekuphathweni komhlaba. Ngenxa yalokho, amandla okukhiqiza emikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi embonini yezibambo zaseShayina aphakeme kakhulu, futhi isidingo sezibambo ezisezingeni eliphezulu sidlula ukuhlinzekwa; Izinhlobonhlobo, imininingwane, kanye nekhwalithi yezinsimbi zezibambo zasekhaya azikahlangabezani ngokugcwele nezidingo zemboni yezibambo, okuholele ekutheni izinqubo obekufanele zixazululwe embonini yensimbi zidluliselwe ezinkampanini zezibambo. Njengamanje, izinkampani ezimbalwa kuphela ezingazethemba zona Amandla aqinile aphelele okuxazulula le nkinga.

Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka izinto ezintsha buwukusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwezibambo. Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe unquma intuthuko yomkhakha ngezinga elithile. Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bezibambo abugcini nje ngokusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga akhethekile ensimbi, kodwa futhi nokuhlanganisa imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kanye nolwazi lokukhiqiza, ukuhlola kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwezibambo. Esikhathini esizayo, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka izinto ezintsha eShayina kufanele busondele kancane kancane emazingeni athuthukile angaphandle maqondana nokukhethwa kwezinto, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, inqubo yokukhiqiza, inqubo ekhethekile, ubuchwepheshe bokuthola, ubuchwepheshe bokumboza ubuso kanye nokulawula ikhwalithi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa kweNtuthuko ehlakaniphile, ehlanganisiwe nengavamile nakho kuzoba umkhuba oyinhloko wentuthuko yobuchwepheshe yomkhakha.

1. Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuyindlela entsha yokukhiqiza yezinamathiseli, okuwumphumela ongenakugwenywa wokuthuthukiswa kokwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo, ukwenziwa kwedijithali, ukuxhumana kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokwenziwa kwemishini. Njengoba izindleko zabasebenzi ziqhubeka nokukhuphuka, izidingo zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ziyaqhubeka nokukhula, ukuhlukahluka kwesidingo kuya ngokuya kugqama, futhi isidingo semboni yezinamathiseli sokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile siya ngokuya siphuthuma. Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuzothuthukisa kakhulu umkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinamathiseli, kunciphise izindleko zabasebenzi zamabhizinisi, kuthuthukise indawo yokusebenza kanye nokuqina kwabasebenzi babasebenzi, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuthembeka. Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kufaka phakathi izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile kanye nemishini ehlakaniphile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile, imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo noma ehlakaniphile, bese kwakhiwa ama-workshop edijithali, amafektri edijithali kanye namabhizinisi edijithali. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini kudinga amabhizinisi ukuthi andise ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni lwesayensi kanye nentuthuko kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi kwandise amandla okukhiqiza imishini kanye nokuqhathaniswa kokukhiqiza. Izinselele zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile zokukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile kwezinamathiseli eminyakeni embalwa ezayo yilezi: ubuchwepheshe bokwenza ngokunemba kwekhanda elibandayo okuzenzakalelayo nokuhlakanipha, ubuchwepheshe bomshini wokwenza ngokunemba kwekhanda elibandayo kanye nemishini yezinamathiseli ezinkulu, ubuchwepheshe bokwenza ngokunemba kwezinamathiseli eziyinkimbinkimbi, imishini yokuthutha ezenzakalelayo, kanye nomugqa wokukhiqiza ukwelashwa kokushisa okuzenzakalelayo.

2. Ukukhiqiza i-Fusion I-Fusion iwukuhlanganiswa okuxubile okunemikhakha eminingi, futhi inhlanganisela yezinqubo eziningi iyindlela eyenzeka enkathini entsha. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imishini kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obuphezulu, ukuhlanganiswa kwemishini nezinto zokwakha, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye namasiko kuzoqhubeka nokufaka amandla amasha ekuthuthukisweni kwezinamathiseli. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa kuzokhiqiza izingxenye ezintsha zokubopha, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, imishini yokucubungula kanye nezinhlelo, okuzocebisa kakhulu uhlelo lomkhiqizo lwezinamathiseli futhi kwandise imisebenzi yomkhiqizo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okufanele ukukhulunywe ngakho kakhulu ekukhiqizeni okuhlanganisiwe ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqubo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha okuhlanganisiwe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqubo kubhekisela ekuhlanganisweni kwezinqubo nezinqubo eziningi kudivayisi eyodwa, okunciphisa kakhulu izixhumanisi zezinqubo kanye nokuhlala kwesayithi, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukuqamba okusha okuhlanganisiwe kuwumsebenzi omusha oguqula ukuhlanganiswa okuhlukahlukene kube impumelelo yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhiqiza. Kuyindlela ebalulekile yokukhiqiza okuhlanganisiwe futhi uhlobo oluyinhloko lokusungula ubuchwepheshe be-fastener bamanje. Kuyabonakala ukuthi maduze nje, kuzoba nokusungula izinto ezintsha eziningi ekukhiqizeni izi-fastener, okuzokhuthaza ngqo intuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe embonini yezi-fastener.

3. Ukukhiqiza Okuvamile Kakhulu Njengoba indawo yokuhlala yabantu ikhula kanye nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe, izidingo zezibambo ziya ngokuya ziphakama, futhi zisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, okuncane kakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, isivinini esiphezulu kakhulu, kanye nesivinini esiphansi kakhulu. Kunezibambo eziningi ezivelayo, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza balezi zibambo buhlukile kakhulu kuzibambo ezivamile. Ukukhiqiza Okungavamile kuhlanganisa izici ezimbili zencazelo: esinye ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yezibambo esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingavamile; esinye inqubo nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza le mikhiqizo yezibambo. Kuyabonakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, ukukhiqiza okunembe kakhulu, ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezinqubo zokwakha ezingavamile kuzoba uphawu lwezinga lokukhiqiza izibambo, futhi kuzoba yisiqondiso socwaningo nentuthuko sabakhiqizi bezibambo abasezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela ubheke “Umbiko Wocwaningo Ngamathuba Emakethe kanye Namathuba Okutshalwa Kwezimali Embonini Yokuzila Yokuzila yaseShayina ka-2019-2024” ekhishwe yi-China Business Industry Research Institute. Izixazululo zokuhlela, ukukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezimboni, njll.