Iningi labantu licabanga ukuthi izipikili zokugunda ziyizipikili ezihlanganisiwe, kodwa empeleni ziyizinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zezixhumi eziqinile.
1. Isipikili sokucheba uhlobo lwesixhumi esisetshenziswa esakhiweni esihlanganisiwe sensimbi nokhonkolo. Ngokuvamile senziwe ngensimbi enamandla amakhulu futhi sinezimo ezikhethekile nezici zejiyometri. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukudlulisa amandla aguqukayo kanye nesikhathi sokugoba ngokumelana namandla okucheba, ukuze kutholakale ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwesakhiwo sensimbi nokhonkolo. Izipikili zokucheba zivame ukusetshenziswa emabhulohweni, phansi, ezisekelweni nakwezinye izakhiwo.
ezimbili.. Isipikili sokushisela uhlobo lwesixhumi esiqiniswa ngokushisela. Ngokuvamile senziwe ngezinto zensimbi futhi sinesimo esifana nesipikili. Iphini lokushisela lisixhumanisa ngokuqinile nesinye isipikha sokusebenza ngokushisela umkhawulo owodwa kuya komunye isipikha sokusebenza. Izipikili zokushisela zingatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene zokushisela njengokushisela amabala, ukushisela okungqubuzanayo njalo njalo. Izipikili zokushisela zivame ukusetshenziswa esakhiweni sensimbi, ekukhiqizeni izimoto, ekukhiqizeni imishini nakweminye imikhakha.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunomehluko osobala phakathi kwezipikili zokucheba nezipikili ezihlanganisiwe ngokwendlela yokusetshenziswa, izinto zokwakha kanye nezindlela zokulungisa. Izipikili zokucheba zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zensimbi-ukhonkolo ukuze kudluliselwe amandla ajikelezayo kanye nesikhathi sokugoba ngokumelana namandla okucheba, kuyilapho izipikili zokushelela zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zensimbi ukulungisa izingxenye zomsebenzi ngokushelela. Ukukhethwa kwezixhumi ezifanele kufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo.
Uma kukhulunywa ngezipikili ezigundiwe nezipikili ezihlanganisiwe, izici zazo kanye nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa kwazo kungaxoxwa kabanzi:
Izici zezinzipho zokugunda:
1. Amandla aphezulu: izipikili zokucheba zivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi enamandla aphezulu futhi zingamelana namandla amakhulu okucheba kanye namandla anqamulayo.
ezimbili.. Ukuma okukhethekile: izinzipho zokucheba zinesimo esikhethekile nezici zejiyometri ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwazo nokucheba kanye nokuqina kokuxhumana.
3. Kufanelekela izakhiwo zekhonkrithi: izipikili zokucheba zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni ezihlanganisiwe zensimbi-ukhonkrithi, njengamabhuloho, phansi, njll., ukuze kufezwe ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwezakhiwo zensimbi nokhonkrithi.
Izici zezipikili zokushisela:
1. Ukuqina okuhle: izipikili zokushisela ziqiniswa ngokushisela, okungahlinzeka ngokuxhumana okuqinile futhi kube nokuqina okuphezulu.
ezimbili. Izindlela ezahlukene zokushisela: izipikili zokushisela zingasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokushisela, njengokushisela amabala, ukushisela okungqubuzanayo, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.
3. Kufanelekela izakhiwo zensimbi: izipikili zokushisela zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zensimbi, njengohlaka lwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini kanye neminye imikhakha, ukuze kubonakale ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zensimbi.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma usebenzisa izipikili zokucheba noma izinzipho ezihlanganisiwe, imodi yokuxhuma efanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngomklamo othile wesakhiwo kanye nezidingo zokusetshenziswa. Uma ukhetha izipikili zokucheba noma izinzipho ezihlanganisiwe, kubalulekile ukucabangela izidingo zomthwalo wesakhiwo, izici zezinto zokwakha, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha kanye nezinye izici ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokuthembeka kokuxhumeka.